PMP考試試題一：

Which analysis technique is used to determine the basic underlying reason for a variance, defect or risk?

A. Root cause analysis

B. Schedule baseline analysis

C. Cost variance analysis

D. Problem analysis

若要確定偏差、缺陷或風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的基本潛在原因，應(yīng)使用下列哪一項(xiàng)分析技術(shù)？

A. 根本原因分析

B. 進(jìn)度基準(zhǔn)分析

C. 成本偏差分析

D. 問題分析

PMP參考答案：A. 根本原因分析

PMP答案解析：識(shí)別風(fēng)險(xiǎn)-信息收集技術(shù)-根本原因分析（ 11.2.2.2）P325

PMP考試試題二：

You are managing a multi million dollar project that is a joint venture between your company and another organization. You have repeatedly tried to get the contract and the project charter finalized between the two organizations, but there has been a great deal of arguing over language and details. The project's scope has been expanding, costs have been increasing, and the schedule has been regularly lengthening. You learn very suddenly that the project has been cancelled, because the other organization withdrew its share of the funding for the project. What is the MOST likely reason that this occurred?

A．Failure to understand the budgetary process.

B． Inadequate scope management.

C． Lack of sponsor commitment.

D． Poorly done initial cost benefit analysis

你正在管理一個(gè)數(shù)百萬美元的項(xiàng)目，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目你的公司和另外一公司合資建設(shè)的。盡管你一直在努力，但由于語言和一些細(xì)節(jié)問題，合同和項(xiàng)目章程一直未有結(jié)果。項(xiàng)目范圍不斷擴(kuò)大，項(xiàng)目預(yù)算不斷增加，進(jìn)度也不斷被延長。這時(shí)你突然發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于另外公司撤資，項(xiàng)目被取消了。發(fā)生此問題的根本原因是什么？

A． 對(duì)預(yù)算流程缺乏理解。

B． 缺乏范圍管理。

C． 缺乏發(fā)起人的承諾。

D． 成本收益分析不當(dāng)。

PMP參考答案：C． 缺乏發(fā)起人的承諾。

審題：

此題的關(guān)鍵字為“合同和項(xiàng)目章程一直未有結(jié)果…項(xiàng)目范圍不斷擴(kuò)大，項(xiàng)目預(yù)算不斷增加，進(jìn)度也不斷被延長”，考查的是項(xiàng)目章程的內(nèi)容以及在項(xiàng)目管理過程中的作用。

定位：

執(zhí)行過程組·整合管理·4.1.3 制定項(xiàng)目章程：輸出

解析：

1、從題干的信息得知“合同和項(xiàng)目章程一直未有結(jié)果”，項(xiàng)目章程的批準(zhǔn)，標(biāo)志著項(xiàng)目的正式啟動(dòng)，可見項(xiàng)目章程的重要性，而項(xiàng)目章程的內(nèi)容包括了委派的項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理及其職責(zé)和權(quán)限，授權(quán)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理在項(xiàng)目活動(dòng)中使用組織資源，即發(fā)起人對(duì)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的承諾；同時(shí)項(xiàng)目章程還包括了項(xiàng)目的總體要求，總體里程碑進(jìn)度計(jì)劃和總體預(yù)算，因此，如果沒有項(xiàng)目章程，項(xiàng)目的范圍、進(jìn)度和成本就很難控制，出現(xiàn)了題干所說的“項(xiàng)目范圍不斷擴(kuò)大，項(xiàng)目預(yù)算不斷增加，進(jìn)度也不斷被延長”，所以C是正確答案；

2、A答案說的是只是說對(duì)預(yù)算流程缺乏理解，但題干中還提到了范圍擴(kuò)大，進(jìn)度落后，A答案不全面； 同理B答案也是片面的；D答案說的成本收益分析，是在選擇項(xiàng)目時(shí)做的事情，與范圍擴(kuò)大，進(jìn)度落后，成本超支無關(guān)